Control system



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Patented Nov. 30, 1926.

UNITED STA ES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE W. IHUEY, OF WILKINSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNGR T0 WESTINGEO'USE ELECTRIC & MANUFACTURING COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF PEHI Q'SYLVANIA.

con'rnor. SYSTEM.

- Application filed July 30, 1820. Serial No. 400,205.

My invention relates to motor control systems and particularly to slip regulators for controlling main motors for steel mills.

One object of my invention is to provide a system of motor control which shellprevent the starting of a main motor before the full starting resistance is in series with the secondary winding thereof.

A second object of my control system is to automatically change the resistance in series with the secondary winding of the main motor in accordance with thecurrent in the primary-winding circuit.

Another object of my invention is to provide a torque motor for so regulating the starting resistance series with the sec ondary winding of the main motor thet resistance shell be reduced slowly until the main motor has attained. a cert i speed end afterward, the remaining resistance be removed at a greater speed. 0

A further object of my invention is provide a control system which shall open the circuit breaker for the primary circuit of the main motor during underload or other abnormal conditions and shellfiprevent its closing until full starting resistance has been inserted in series with the secondary winding of the main motor.

Briefly speaking, one form of my. invention consists in providing a control system comprising a torque motor that is provided with a regulating arm for controlling a liquid rheostat in series with the secondary winding of a main motor, a double-diametcr dashpot for ensuring two speeds in moving the regulating arm, corresponding to the initial and the final stages in starting the main motor, the employment of a potential transformer for so resetting the regulating arm that full resistance is inserted in series with the secondary winding of the main motor andthe employment of a series transformer in conjunction with the torque motor during normal running conditions.

The potential transformer is automatically removed from the tor ue-motor cirunit by a time-limit relay, w ich also controls the energization of a. latching coil on a device'for locking the torque-motor arm. A second time-limit relay so controls the partment 8 and a.

secondary circuits ofthe series transformer that full voltage 1s impressed by steps upon the torque motor.

These and other objects of my invention system embodyin my invention. '4

en erged view, in end sieve.

Fig. 2 is an tion, of the torquemotor, the rheoci. t end the counterweight that are shown in Fig. l, with the sddition at a double-diameter dashpot coacting therewith.

3 is a view, in plan elevation, of the n shown in Fig. 2 taken along the line of Fig. 2.'

. t a sectional view of the piston 7n in Fig. 3 tnlren niong the line IVIV Fi 3. Be erring particularly to Fig. 1, the control system herein shown comprises a main induction motor 1 having a primary winding 2 and a secondary winding 3, a liquid rheostat at for varying the resistance in the secondary winding circuit, end a torque motor 5 aving an arm 6 pivotelly mounted upon the rotor shaft 7 thereof for regulating the resistance of the liquid rheostat t.

The liquid rheostat 4 comprises comlurality of electrically connected plates 9 that are suspended from a bar 10, which is ettsched to the erm 6 by means of a roe or cable 11. The compartment 8 contains a suitable electrolyte 12 having a high electrical resistance. The arm 6 is so balanced that it tends to turn in a counter-clockwise direction.

The tor ue'motor 5 has a primary winding 13 an a secondary winding 14. The secondary winding 14 is electrically connected in series with a permanent resrstorl5.

The primer winding 13 of the torque motor 5 vis e ectrically energized through the series transformer 16 during normal op 5 tors 96 and 97, actuating coil 39 of the novoltage release mechanism 36, conductors 98 and 98a, actuating coil 25 of the time-element. relay 25, anti conductors 99, 77, 78, 79, 80 to the supply conductor 68. The actuating 113 coils 26 curl 521' are so esignerl that each requires the roll age between conductors 7 and 8*) bef actuating their respective time-limit relays and 23; but the actuating coil 39 or the no-voltuge release mechal5 nisin 36 is designed to be able to lock the latching device 38, although it is in series with them. The actuating coil 39 becomes active, upon the occurrence of a. relatively low voltage between conductors 70 and 80 to allow the operation of the no-voltage release mechanism 36.

The lowering oi the counterweight end of the arm 6 causes the closure of the contuctor 37 thereby completing a circuit from the potential transformer 17 through conductors 70 and 71, actuating coil 29 of the tune-limit relay 28, conductors 96 and 100, contact bridge 37a and conductors 101, 78,

7 9, 8D to the supply conductor 68. The coil 39 23, being ener ized by full voltage between conductors 70 and 80, raises the contact bridge 2811, thereby breaking the circuit comprising the coil 21 and causing the three pole contnctor 23 to open. The upward increment of the time-limit relay requires a few seconds, thereby ensuring the opening of contractor 23 before the main circuit-breaker 18 is closed.

lilhen the contact bridge 28a attains its secoml or upper position, a circuit is established from the potential transformer 17 through conductors 70. 71, 72 and 73, contact bridge 28a or the time-limited relay 28, conductor 102, actuating-coil 31 of the auxiliury contactor 32, and conductors 10 1, 79,

80 to supply conductor 68.

The energization of actuating coil 31' causes contactor 32 to close and, as the full resistance of the liquid rheostat 1' is in se- 59 rise with the secondary Winding 3, itis permissible to close the main circuit-breaker 18.

An operator may close the main circuitbreakcr 18-by 'so actuating the controller 40 that the contact segment 1 06 engages contact terminals 107 and 108. An electrical circuit is thereby established from the potentiel transformen 17, through conductors 70, 199 and 110, contact bridge 32a of the auxiliary relay 32, conductor 111, contact bridge 33a of the under-voltage release device 33, conductor 112, actuating coil 19 of the circuit-breaker 18, conductor 113. contact linger 107. contact segment-106 'and conductors 114, 115 and 80 to supply conducfor 68,

When the actuating coil 19 is energizctl, the three-pole circuit-breaker 18 closes, thereby completing a, circuit from a set of conductors 61, 62 and 63 through contact bridges 18a, 18b and 180, to a set of conductors 116, 117 and 118 and the primary winch ing 2 of the main motor 1.

The secondary winding 3 of the main inotor 1 is electrically connected to the rheostat 4 by slip rings 119, 120 and 121, brushes 122, 123 and 124, a set of conductors 125, 126 and 127, and contact terminals 128, 129 and 130, in accordance with a familiar precticc.

When the circuit-breaker 18 is closed, the auxiliary contact bridge 20a is 1110V l to its upper position, thereby inuh'ingaseconcl gap in the circuit comprising the actuating coil 24 of the three-pole contactor 23 and prevents lhe contactor 23 from closing alter the time-limit relay 28-returns to its lower position. This circuit has previously been broken by the contact bridge 2812 being actuated to its upper position.

mien the contactor briclge 20a is actuated to its upper position, a circuit is established from the potential transformer 17'through conductors 70, 71, 72, 131 and 132, contuctor briclge 20a, conductors 133 and 98a, actuating coil 26 of the time-limit relay 25 end conductors 99, 77, 73, 79, 30 to the supply conductor 68. The completion of this circuit energizes the actuating coil 23 uncl slowly closes the timelirnit relny 25.

The latching device 33 of the no-voltuge release mechanism 36 is released simultuneouslj? with the beginning of the upwurcl movement of contact bridge 25a of the timelimit relay 25, as the uctunting coil 39 of? the no-voltege release mechanism 33 is shunted and substantially (la-energized by the completion of the circuit comprising concluctors 72, 131, 132, contact'or bridge 20a and conductor 133, thus allowing the spring 380: toopen the latching device 33 uncl pcr mitting the arm 6 to rotate in u counterclockwise direction. The contactor 37 is opened by a slight upward movement of the counterweight one of the arm 6 by the torque motor 5, us soon as the circuit breaker lit? 18 is closed. This movement is permitted before the latching device 38 prevents "lurther movement.

As soon as the circuit-breaker 18 is closed,

the series transformer 16 becomes energized, nncl the primary Winding 13 of the torque motor 5 is energized therefrom'thi'ough s set of conductors 134, 135, and 136, bridges 21a,

,21b and 210 of the contnctor 21, and the sets protected from the heavy rush of current thatwould otherwise be induced in the series transformer 16 during the initial period that said main induction motor 1 is starting. Theenergization of the winding 13 by means of the series transformer 16 tends to rotate the arm 6 in a clockwise direction and thus maintain the maximum resistance of the liquid rheostat 4 in the secoi'zdary winding 3 of the main induction motor 1.

The gradually reduced energization of the primary winding 13.permits the arm 6 to slowly lower the plates 9 into the electrolyte, thereby reducing the resistance in the circuit of the secondary winding 3 of the main motor 1. The dashpot '45 is so designed as to permit very slow upward movement of the piston 51, until it has traveled beyond the cylinder 47, thereby effecting a gradual lowering of the plates 9 into the electrolyte. It should be noted that the series transformer 16 and the dashpot 45 may be employed in the same control system or either one may be used separately to prevent the momentum of the motor 5 and of the arm 6 from lowerrelay 28 slowly to resume its lower position.

The lowering of the contact bridge 28a breaks the circuit comprising the actuating coll 31, thereby opening contactor 32.

When contactor 32 is opened, the actuating coil 19 is de-energized and the circuitbreaker 18 would open, if it were not held by the no-voltage release mechanism 41, which is energized from the potential transformer 17 through a circuit comprising conductors 70, 109 and 143, the actuating-coil 44 of the no-voltage release mechanism 41, conductor 144,,lower contact bridge 33?) of the under-voltage release device 33, conductor 145, the contact terminal 108, contact seg-- ment 106, conductors 114, 115 and 68 to the potential transformer 17.

In the event of an under-voltage condition on the line conductors 62 and 63, the coil 34 of the under-voltage release device 33, which is energized from the main-motor primary circuit through conductors 146 and 147, opens both-the circuit through which actuating coil 19 of the circuit-breaker 18 is energized and the circuit through which the holding coil 44 of the no-voltage release mechanism 41 is energized. thereby opening the circuitbreaker 18. It is apparent that an over-voltage release device may also be so connected across the line conductors 62 and 63, that it will break the circuits to coil 19 and to coil 44, when the voltage increases to a 'predeter- When. the time-limit relay 25 has assumed its closed position, as has previously been described, a circuit is established from the transformer 17, through conductors 70, 71, 72, 131 and 148, contact bridge 25a of the time-element relay 25, conductor 149, actuating coil 22 of the contactor 21, and conductors 150, 77, 78, "9 and 80 to supply conductor 68, thereby energizing coil 22, which causes the contactor 21 to assume its upper position.

When the contactor 21 assumes its upper position, full voltage is impressed from the series transformer 16 through conductors 151, 152 and 153, the contact bridges 21a, 21b and 210 and the sets of conductors 140, 141 and 142 and 84, 85 and 86 to the primary winding 13 of the torque motor 5.

The torque motor 5 is now responsive to full voltage from the series transformer 16 and, therefore, but slowly lowers the plates 9 into the electrolyte 12 until the rheostat is completely short-circuited.

The motor 1 may be de-energized by interrupting the circuit comprising the novoltage release mechanism 44, thereby opening the circuit-breaker 18. This can be done by breaking the contact between the contact terminal 108 and the contact segment 106 of the controller 40. The opening of the circuit-breaker 18 causes the contact bridge 20a to asume its lower position, thereby interrupting the circuit through which the actuating coil 26 of the time-limit relay 25 is energized. The opening of the time-limit relay 25 de-energizes the actuating coil 22 of the contactor 21, causing it to assume its lower position and, as the series transformer 16 is de-energized by the opening of circuitbreaker 18, the torque motor 5 will be deenergized.

Before re-sta-rting the main motor 1, it is necessary to proceed through the same preliminary operations as have already been described. For the sake of clearness and because various satisfactory control methods are well known in theart, reversing circuits for the. main motorhave been omitted from the drawing and a description thereof from the specification.

It is apparent to those skilled in the art that acontrol system constructed in accordance with my invention makes it impossible to start a main motor before full resistance is connected in circuit with its secondary winding and, after the motor is started, this resistance is automaticallv short-circuited in accordance with the condition of the motor.

While I have shown a preferred form of my invention, "I do not wish to be restricted to the specific circuits, structural details or arrangement of parts herein set forth, as various modificat ons may be effected within the spirit and scope of my invention. I desire, therefore, that only such limitations Gil shall be imposed as are indicated in the appended claims.

I claim as in invention:

1. The combination with a torque motor, of e series transformer for controlling the operation of said motor during normal run ning conditions and a, potential transformer for controlling the o eration of said motor duringabnormal conditions.

2. The combination with a torque motor, of a series transformer for controlling the operation of said motor during normal running conditions, it time-limit relay for governing the connections of said series transformer, and a potential transformer for controlling the operation oi": said motor during abnormal conditions.

3. The combination with e torque motor, of a. series transformer for controlling the o eration of said motor during normal conditions, e time-limit relay for governing the connections of said series transformer, a potential transformer for controlling the op eretion of said motor during abnormal conditions, and a second time-limit relay for controlling the energization of said motor lay said potential transformer,

4. The combination with n main motor and s rlzecstet for controlling-the operation of sold motor, oi as torquemotor tor regw loting said rheostet, s series transformer for controllins' said torque motor during its normal operation, timediinit reloy for govthe connections of ssid series trans.

dormer, as potential tronsfornoer for controlling the operstion said torque motor during shnormnl conditions and e second time limit relsy for control mg sold potential trnnsfornicr, i

5. The comhinetion with e innin motor and e rheostat for controlling the operation or said motor, or a. torque motor for re lacing sold rhoostet, a series transtormer or controlling the normal operetion oi seid torque motor, potential transformer for. controlling the operation or'said torque motor dnrino onorme'l conditions.

6. he combination with a main motor, or e, liquid rheostat for reg nleting said motor, e torgue motor for operating said rheoctet, s time-limit relay for alerting said torque motor and s second time-limit reley :tor controlling the voltage apnlied to said toroue motor prior to attaining running con itions oi? sold main motor.

"L The combination with a motor, of o. liquid rheostat for regulating seid motor, a torque motor for operating said rheostet, e time-limit'relay, a. latching coil vactingin conjunction with said relay for starting said torque motor, and a second time-limit relay for controlling the voltage applied to said torque motor. i

8. The-combination with a torque motor having a plurality of positions, of a series transformer for operating said motor under normal running conditions and a potential transformer for so energizing said motor that it occupies at predetermined position rior to its energization by said series transormer,

9. The combination with a main induction motor having a primary and secondary Winding, of a liuid rheostat connected to said secondary winding, a torque motor for governing the operation of said rheostat, a potential transformer for so energizing said torque motor that the resistance of said rheostat is connected in circuit "with said secondary Winding prior to energizing said main motor and a series transformer for energizing said torque motor in accordance with the current traversing the primary- Windin of said main motor.

10. e combination with a main induction motor having a'primary and secondary Winding, of a li uid rheostat connected to said secondary Winding, a torque motor for governing the operation of said rlieostat, a source of electrical energy a switch for con necting the primarywmding of seid main motor to said source, a potentieltransformor for so energizing ssid' torque motor that the resistance of said rheostat is connected in circuit with said secondary Winding, s time-- element relay for preventing said switch from closing prior to the resistance of said rheostst being connected t the secondary winding of said moin nioto n series trons-- former energized in accor once with the current of said rosin motor for energizing ssid torque motor and means comprising a second time element relay for increasing the energizetionof said series transformer upon said main motor having opereted s predetermined time.

ll. The coloination with e, main motor, a oircuit-hreoker end a. liquid rheostnt for controlling the operotion of said motor, of a torque motor for regulating soid rheostat a series transformer for operating soid torque motor during normal running condi- Ell tilt

Nil

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tions, and a POl'Blltltll transformer for opersting said torque motor during abnormal conditions end means for rendering said potential transformer inoperetire prior to the closure of said circuit-breaker,

12.'Tlie combination with s rosin motor, a liquid rheostat for regulsting the operation or said main motor, and n torque motor rovided with on arm for actuating said r eostat, of e. double-diameter dash ot for controlling the rapidity of movement of said 'orm in accordance with the degree of accoloration of said rosin motor, a series transformer tor -operating said torque n10- tor during normal rnnnln c0nd1t1ons,a

"time-limitrelay' for control mg the voltage i said series transformer, a potential trens- $ormer for operating said torque motor durl circuit, and a shunt latching device for locking abnormal conditions, a second time-limit transformer from said torque motor circuit relay for disconnecting said potential trans and the connection of said series transformer former from said torque motor circuit and thereto.

connecting said series transformer to said In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name this 20th day of July,

ing said arm during the time interval be- 1920. tween the disconnection of said potential GEORGE W. HUEY.

w. A. KEUNE UNIFORM FLOW SCALE Nov. 30 1926.

Filed August 10. 1925 INVENT OR WAfffu/vz ATTORNEYS 

